The type of treatment focuses on the anti-cancer (cytotoxic) drugs, for destroying the cancerous cells

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including lymphoma and leukaemia, is called Chemotherapy. It can be used as an isolated treatment for some types of cancers or as a mixture with other cancer treatments like radiotherapy, surgery, hormonal therapy or biological therapies.

The Reasons of Giving Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy is suggested widely to treat some kinds of cancer, especially which can metastasize in other parts, because it invades all the cancerous cells present in the whole body. While other treatments only focus on the cancer cells at specific areas.

• It may be given to shrink a cancer so that in the second step like surgery it can be removed easily.
• Likewise chemotherapy may be used to destroy the remaining cells after a surgery or radiotherapy to improve the results.
• This treatment can prolong life by shrinking the cancer and minimizing its development. This therapy is called Palliative Chemotherapy

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A new research has suggested that short-course radiation tracked by high-quality surgery could be the best way to treat operable rectal cancer. Surgery is considered as the best treatment for rectal cancer but it leaves the risk of cancer to be reappeared.

It was concluded from a former study that chemotherapy and radiotherapy can minimize the risk of cancer recurrence if they are applied after surgery. But radiotherapy is not considered as a good option because of it’s a high cost treatment and the long term complications like incontinence, sexual dysfunction and impaired bowel function can be occurred in its consequences.

The abnormal multiplication of skin cells is called skin cancer, mostly occurs in the people having long exposure to the ultraviolet rays of the sun. There are three main types of cancer, basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Usually, it assaults the areas which have most contact with the sunlight but there is a possibility of developing the disease in the undisclosed parts of skin.

Major Risk Factors and Causes of Skin Cancer

Skin cancer starts in the epidermis of skin that serves as a thin protective layer made up of three basic cells; Squamous cells, basal cells and melanocytes. When the process of  producing new cells and removing the old ones is disturbed by DNA, responsible for all the actions occurs in the cells, due to any damage in its key functioning. It results in the abnormal and massive reproduction of the new cells, called skin cancer.

Now the question is; what are the causes and factors which affect the normal performance of DNA, resulting in skin cancer.

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