Democratic presidential candidate Barack Obama’s grandmother and former first lady Nancy Reagan have received pelvic and hip injuries due to falls recently. Similarly, there were reports that author Studs Terkel died following a fall two weeks ago.

According to experts, such news indicate the need to help the elderly protect themselves against increasing risk of falls and bone injuries.

American Academy of Orthpaedic Surgeons says that one out of three American older than 65 has to experience a fall that makes it a leading cause of injury to elderly people.

The academy offers some suggestions to help preventing falls and bone fractures in elderly people:

• Seniors should have regular physical and eye examination.  They need to have full evaluation if they have cardiac and blood pressure problems.

• They need to consume a diet rich with dietary calcium and vitamin D for good bone health. Smoking and excessive use of alcohol should be avoided.
• To maintain agility, balance, strength and coordination, they must participate in an exercise program.
• It is quite essential to maintain a clutter-free home that has clear walking paths. Tripping hazards must be eliminated and there must be handrails, grab bars and other safety devices in suitable areas like bedrooms and bathrooms.
• They should avoid walking with only socks or stockings on their feet and wear properly fitting shoes with nonskid soles.
• Make sure that lighting in the home is adequate and light switches are easily accessible by doorways.