Juice fasting is a speedy way to start looking healthy and fit again.

In an extremely health conscious society, the demand for credible and effective solutions for improving health has resulted in an array of dietary, supplementary, and exercise manuals. Each one claims to have found the secret to the looking good, healthy and young. The burger infested society has seen its waistline increase beyond levels which are not only unhealthy, but disliked by popular culture. However, reducing these waistlines has become an ambition for many and people are looking for ways to achieve the reduction without having to rely solely on exercise routines.

The first signs of aging such as sun spots, crow’s-feet may show up earlier than we imagine, but the right treatments can make the difference. Dermatologists report that signs of aging may appear in age of 20s, and even the minor change in the skin’s appearance cause you to look older than your age.

A latest study in the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology found that uneven skin tone makes you look older than with wrinkles.

The major cause of early aging is the sun, which deteriorate structure of skin’s supportive collagen and elastin fibers. “Photo aging, damage to skin caused by sunlight, accounts for approximately 80 percent of wrinkles. That’s why monks who live their lives in dark monasteries have skin like a teenager when they’re 80.” said Tina Alster, clinical professor of dermatology. Other bad factors include pollution, poor diet, inadequate sleep, and stress.

What is Hereditary Fructose Intolerance (HFI)?

Hereditary Fructose Intolerance (HFI) is a rare genetic disease in which fructose can’t be properly metabolised in the body. Affected person gets bad abdominal reaction (bloating, diarrhea) after eating fructose-containing foods. HFI is an autosomal recessive disorder of fructose metabolism, due to a deficiency of fructose-1-phosphate aldolase - an enzyme, which converts fructose into glucose in the liver. Incidence of HFI is estimated at 1 / 22-58,000 (1).

HFI should be differed from fructose malabsorption (dietary fructose intolerance - DFI).

Patophysiology of HFI

Fructose in the liver is normally converted into fructose-1-phosphate, and further into glucose. In HFI, fructose-1-phosphate, due to lack of fructose-1-phosphate aldolase, can’t be converted into glucose, so it accumulates in liver, intestine, and kidneys. The accumulated fructose-1-phosphate inhibits glycogen breakdown and glucose synthesis, thus causing hypoglycemia after fructose ingestion. Prolonged fructose ingestion in infants may cause hepatic or renal failure and death.

Obesity is the mother of many diseases like high blood pressure, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and knee arthritis. Nowadays, a large number of over weight people have got quite serious to control body weight as they want to improve their health and appearance. They are using diet pills, enrolling themselves in different weight loss and diet programs and spending hours in gyms to shed extra pounds. But it’s not easy at all to lose weight (Though it’s quite easy to gain).

Millions of people in America and Europe enroll themselves in different commercial and self-help weight loss programs every year but still the number of obese patients has alarmingly increased in the U.S and many European countries. The pity is that most of the people begin to look for the solution after getting obese. But when these people become overweight, they begin to look for the solution and use diet pills and enroll themselves in commercial and self-help weight loss programs. It is also a sad fact that due to lack of awareness in weight loss these people are not guided in a proper way.

What are FODMAPs?

FODMAPs (Fermentable Oligo-, Di-, Mono-saccharides And Polyols) are short-chain carbohydrates which have high osmotic activity (they drag water into intestine) and are regularly fermented by small and large intestinal bacteria.

FODMAPs include:

• oligosaccharides: fructans (inulin, fructo-oligo-saccharides (FOS) or oligofructose), galactans, and raffinose;
• disaccharides: lactose;
• monosaccharides: fructose;
• polyols: sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol, isomalt, erithrytol, arabitol, erythritol, glycol, glycerol, lactitol, ribitoll.  

Who Can Benefit from Low Sugar Diet?

People diagnosed with IBS, lactose intolerance, fructose malabsorption (Dietary Fructose Intolerance - DFI), Crohn’s disease, chronic diarrhea, toddler’s diarrhea, and those with ‘indigestion’, ‘dyspepsia’, unexplained bloating, or irregular bowels may all benefit from low sugar (FODMAPs) diet. FODMAP diet may be a way to lose weight in obese but otherwise healthy people.

Can FODMAP Diet be Dangerous?

FODMAP diet should not be introduced by any person with diabetes, hypoglicemia or other metabolic disorders, or in malnutrition without prior consultation with a doctor. It may be necessary to interrupt FODMAP diet in any severe acute disease, after injury or surgery, and in other urgent situations. 

What Symptoms Can FODMAPs Cause

FODMAPs malabsorption may result in bloating, gas, abdominal pain, diarrhea, weight loss, symptoms of vitamin and mineral  deficiency, headache, lethargy, and depression.

Low Fructose Diet (in DFI)

Persons with Fructose malabsorption (Dietary Fructose Intolerance - DFI) should limit foods high in fructose and sorbitol, and possibly foods high in fructans and other FODMAPs (Table 1).  The most problematic foods are those with high fructose : glucose ratio, or high sorbitol (11). 

Glucose enhances absorption of fructose, so moderate amount of foods with equal or low fructose : glucose ratio (e.g table sugar) should be OK…if they don’t contain sorbitol. Especially pre-prepared frozen foods and bakery, canned foods, low-calorie foods, and many artificially sweetened products have to be avoided. Labels should be checked for fructose and sorbitol.

Tolerance threshold for fructose may be as low as 1g of fructose per serving (25g / serving, or more, is considered as normal). Sorbitol: 10g of sorbitol may cause a diarrhea in a sensitive person. When fructose and sorbitol (and other FODMAPs) are combined in one food, relatively lower amount of each is needed to cause symptoms.  Fructose, sorbitol and FODMAPs may be naturally present in the food (fruits, vegetables, wheat) or they may be added during the food processing. On labels, fructose is hidden within ’sugars’, and sorbitol within ’sweeteners’, so their exact amount usually can’t be checked. Therefore, a person with fructose malabsorption should be aware of food ingredients (Table 1).

Below ‘foods to try’ and ‘to avoid’ were most often recommended / disadviced by doctors and fructose malabsorbers. Since each individual with DFI has its own fructose tolerance threshold, everyone has to build his/her personal list. Small amounts of problematic foods can be often safely ingested. Symptoms should lessen considerably in a couple of days after onset of low-fructose diet, and tolerance threshold for fructose may raise after some time. In small children fructose absorption increases with age (11). If symptoms don’t improve after 6-8 weeks of low-fructose diet, other diagnoses, like lactose intolerance and celiac disease, should be considered. Other causes of diarrhea.

Sugars to try: acesulfam pottasium (Nutrinova, Sweet One, Sunnett, Ace-K, Acesulfame K), barley malt syrup, brown rice syrup, corn syrup (if no fructose is added), dextrin, glucose (dextrose, glucodin), glycogen, grape syrup, maltodextrin (modyfied starch), maple syrup, moducal, sorghum syrup, sucrose (table or cane sugar), trehalose.

Sugars to avoid: agave syrup (in Tex-Mex foods, tequila, margaritas, soft drinks), brown sugar, caramel, chinese rock sugar (honey + added sugars), fructose, fruit juice concentrate, golden syrup (cane syrup), High Fructose Corn Syrup (HFCS - isoglucose), honey, invert sugar (treacle), licorice, molasses, raffinose (in legumes), raw sugar (Turbinado, Demerara, jaggery, palm sugar -gur); sugar substitutes: sorbitol, maltitol, mannitol, xylitol, hydrogenated starch hydrolysates (HSH), isomalt, erythritol, dulcitol, lactalol, lacticol, litesse, lycasin, saccharin (Sweet ‘n Low), stevia, sucanat, sucralose (splenda), trimoline (from beets). 

Diet & Weight Equilibrium

1. There are no fixed patterns of quick weight loss, but you can take some of the diet pills (enormously defective for your health) as they have contained a lot of side effects such as abdominal pain, fatigue, dizziness, dehydration, lack of hunger, irritation, sleep disturbances, bleeding, high blood pressure, constipation, heavy amount of urination, kidney impact, liver contraction, mood swings, etc.
2. The medications like diet pills are somehow better to use in extreme conditions of obesity, but surely recommended by a well-known medical physicians.
3. The most recommended and widely accepted diet pills are Proactol, Proshape RX and Hoodia Gordonii Plus as these medications that don’t have any of the side effects.
4. The best pills are the food supplements which emphatically reduce the obesity and don’t cause any influence in the human body. This prescription is to eat fruit, vegetables, 3 ½ ounces of protein at daily meal for woman, 6-8 ½ ounces of protein for man, Grains, garlic, onion, white boil fish, and salads, etc.
5. Butter is much influential for you instead of Margarine as butter is purified and has less fatness than the margarine.
6. Gatta avoid of red meat as much as you can as this is extremely fatty and dangerous to your health.
7. Doing regular exercise at early in the morning daily would be the best ploy for you in reducing all sorts of fats around your body. These exercises should be consisted of 30 minutes brisk walking, jogging, stretching, sprinting, weight lifting, swimming, etc.

Fructose Malabsorption

In this article, fructose malabsorption, also known as Dietary Fructose Intolerance (DFI), which is a common cause of diarrhea, is described. Another, rare, Hereditary Fructose Intolerance (HFI), which causes impairment of liver, kidneys and small intestine is much more severe. DFI and HFI are NOT allergies.

In fructose malabsorption fructose can’t be efficiantly absorbed from unknown reason. Transport protein GLUT5, responsible for fructose absorption in the small intestine, may not be present or becomes inactive. People with fructose intolerance have fructose absorption limit lower than 25 grams per serving, but this may differ a lot from person to person. Fructose, unabsorbed in the small intestine, reaches the colon, where bacteria ferment it and yield short chain fatty acids, carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrogen and methane, which cause symptoms. It is estimated that about 1/3 of people are fructose intolerant, and about half of them have symptoms. People with fructose intolerance may be also sensitive to other non-digestable carbohydrates, such as sorbitol and xylitol, raffinose (beans) and inulin (polyfructose), (5).

Who Can Get Fructose Intolerant?

Anyone at any time can develop fructose intolerance. Abnormality or lack of GLUT-5, a fructose transporting protein, may be inherited (5). Other causes, suggested so far:

• family predisposition; 
• overuse of High Fructose Corn Syrup (HFCS), or fruit juices in children (toddler’s diarrhea); 
• small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO);
• celiac disease; 
• chemotherapy or radiation;
• dumping syndrome (rapid stomach emptying).